Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure
Patient-reported outcome measures at different time intervals.
Tables
Score Patient Satisfactiona Stratification 1 Excellent Satisfied 2 Very good 3 Good 4 Fair Dissatisfied 5 Poor 6 Terrible Score Patient Expectation Fulfillmentb Stratification 1 Yes, totally Fulfilled 2 Yes, almost totally 3 Yes, quite a bit 4 More or less Not fulfilled 5 No, not quite 6 No, far from it 7 No, not at all aQuestion adapted from Q53 North American Spine Society Low Back Pain Instrument.
bQuestion adapted from Q48 North American Spine Society Low Back Pain Instrument.
Early (n = 42) Late (n = 61) Mean SD Mean SD P Value Age, y 53.0 7.7 53.0 10.3 0.975 Gender, % Male 64.3 70.5 0.507 Female 35.7 29.5 BMI 24.9 4.5 25.3 4.3 0.632 Smoking status, % Never 69.0 57.4 Former 16.7 13.1 0.198 Current 14.3 29.5 Comorbidities, % Diabetes 14.3 16.4 0.772 Hypertension 26.2 41.0 0.122 Hyperlipidemia 14.3 32.8 0.039 Heart disease 7.1 4.9 0.636 Stroke 0.0 1.6 0.404 Kidney disease 0.0 1.6 0.404 Asthma 2.4 3.3 0.790 Osteoarthritis 14.3 4.9 0.098 Depression 0.0 0.0 1.000 No comorbidities 45.2 34.4 0.269 No. of levels, % 1 52.4 42.6 0.329 2 47.6 57.4 Length of Op, mins 127.8 30.1 135.2 44.0 0.392 Length of stay, d 2.9 1.6 3.3 2.4 0.397 Time taken to RTW, d 34.7 15.1 134.9 123.9 <0.001 Preop VAS NPa 2.9 3.2 4.0 3.2 0.089 Preop VAS APa 2.6 3.3 2.9 3.3 0.678 Preop JOA 12.8 2.4 11.4 3.1 0.015 Preop NSa 44.3 23.3 48.0 27.3 0.469 Preop NPDa 24.8 17.5 36.6 21.6 0.004 Preop NDIa 21.2 16.2 33.4 19.9 0.001 Preop PCS 40.2 11.2 35.7 13.1 0.071 Preop MCS 47.7 11.3 46.1 12.4 0.499 aA lower score is better.
BMI, body mass index; JOA, Japanese Orthopaedic Association; MCS, Mental Component Summary; NDI, Neck Disability Index; NPD, neck pain and disability; NS, neurogenic symptoms; PCS, Physical Component Summary; RTW, return to work; VAS AM, visual analog scale arm pain; VAS NP, visual analog scale neck pain.
- Table 3
Comparison of clinical outcomes between groups at different time intervals (n = 103).
Early (n = 42) Late (n = 61) Mean SD Mean SD P Valuea 6-mo VAS NP b 1.0 1.9 1.5 2.6 0.023 6-mo VAS AP b 0.3 1.2 0.9 1.9 0.027 6-mo JOA 15.2 1.9 14.1 2.6 0.022 6-mo NS b 14.9 15.1 24.9 24.1 0.044 6-mo NPD b 10.1 12.9 17.1 15.5 0.042 6-mo NDI b 8.4 12.0 15.8 13.2 0.074 6-mo PCS 51.3 8.5 45.7 10.8 0.059 6-mo MCS 51.7 10.6 50.6 11.7 0.015 2-y VAS NP b 0.6 1.9 1.1 2.3 0.325 2-y VAS AP b 0.3 1.0 1.2 2.6 0.060 2-y JOA 15.3 1.5 14.7 2.3 0.007 2-y NS b 13.5 14.3 22.0 20.6 0.046 2-y NPD b 6.9 10.0 13.0 13.7 0.042 2-y NDI b 6.8 10.2 11.7 13.8 0.036 2-y PCS 52.1 6.9 49.4 9.8 0.008 2-y MCS 53.1 9.8 48.7 13.5 0.057 Boldface indicates statistical significance.
aUsing multivariate regression to control for age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities and baseline JOA and NDI scores.
bA lower score is better.
JOA, Japanese Orthopaedic Association; MCS, Mental Component Summary; NDI, Neck Disability Index; NPD, neck pain and disability; NS, neurogenic symptoms; PCS, Physical Component Summary; RTW, return to work; VAS AM, visual analog scale arm pain; VAS NP, visual analog scale neck pain.
- Table 4
Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) attainment, expectation fulfillment, and satisfaction at different time intervals (n = 103).
Variable Early RTW (n = 42) Late RTW (n = 61) P Value Comparison at 6 months, % Attained MCID for NP 31.0 44.3 0.173 Attained MCID for AP 40.5 31.1 0.329 Attained MCID for JOA 71.4 70.5 0.918 Attained MCID for NDI 50.0 68.9 0.054 Attained MCID for PCS 61.9 63.9 0.834 Expectation fulfilled 85.7 73.8 0.146 Satisfied 88.1 83.6 0.526 Comparison at 2 years, % Attained MCID for NP 40.5 42.6 0.828 Attained MCID for AP 40.5 27.9 0.181 Attained MCID for JOA 64.3 78.7 0.106 Attained MCID for NDI 54.8 72.1 0.069 Attained MCID for PCS 66.7 68.9 0.815 Expectation fulfilled 88.1 75.4 0.110 Satisfied 85.7 77.0 0.275 JOA, Japanese Orthopaedic Association; MCS, Mental Component Summary; NDI, Neck Disability Index; NPD, neck pain and disability; NS, neurogenic symptoms; PCS, Physical Component Summary; RTW, return to work.
Variable Early RTW (n = 42) Late RTW (n = 61) P value Comparison at 6 months, % Return to work 0.001 No 0 8.2 Yes, with limitations 14.3 41.8 Yes, with no limitations 85.7 50.0 Return to function 64.3 44.3 0.046 Comparison at 2 years, % Return to work 0.414 No 0 1.6 Yes, with limitations 23.7 36.0 Yes, with no limitations 76.3 64.0 Return to Function 71.4 65.6 0.531 Boldface indicates statistical significance.
RTW, return to work.
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