Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Flowchart outlining literature review and identification of primary articles.
- Figure 2
Case 1. Procedural imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 8 weeks postprocedure. (A) Fluoroscopy demonstrating bone marrow aspiration. (B) Anteroposterior view fluoroscopy demonstrating intradiscal procedure. (C) Lateral view fluoroscopy demonstrating intradiscal injection with discograms. (D) Contralateral oblique fluoroscopy demonstrating bone marrow concentrate (BMC) intra-articular facet injections at L3-4, L4-5, and L5-S1. (E) T2-weighted lumbar MRI with sagittal view demonstrating endplate changes at L5-S1. (F) T1-weighted fat-saturated lumbar MRI with contrast in sagittal view also demonstrating endplate changes with Schmorl's nodes. (G) T1-weighted fat-saturated postcontrast lumbar MRI axial view demonstrating end plate changes at S1. (H) T1-weighted fat-saturated postcontrast lumbar MRI axial view demonstrating enhancement of the L4-L5 facet joints with extension into the right L4-L5 paravertebral space.
- Figure 3
Case 2. Imaging 4 weeks postprocedure. (A) T2-weighted lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without contrast, sagittal view demonstrating increased signal at L3-L4 with concern for epidural abscess. (B) Sagittal short tau inversion recovery (STIR) image demonstrating increased signal at L3-L4 with endplate changes. (C) T1-weighted lumbar MRI postcontrast, sagittal view demonstrating enhancement at the endplates of L3 and L4 with increased signal in the L3-L4 disc. (D) T2-weighted lumbar MRI without contrast, axial view of L3-L4 demonstrating left paracentral disc material versus abscess. (E) T1-weighted lumbar MRI postcontrast, coronal view demonstrating endplate changes in vertebral bodies and disc enhancement at L3-L4.
- Figure 4
Case 3. (A) Lateral fluoroscopic image demonstrating L4-L5 and L5-S1 intradiscal needle placement. (B) Anteroposterior fluoroscopic view demonstrating L4-L5 and L5-S needle placement and discogram. (C) Lateral fluoroscopic view demonstrating L4-L5 and L5-S needle placement and discogram. (D) Two weeks post-procedure T2-weighted lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), sagittal view, demonstrating disc disease with minimal endplate edema at L5-S1. (E) Four weeks postprocedure T2-weighted lumbar MRI, sagittal view, demonstrating increased subchondral edema at the L5-S1 endplates and subtle central bone plate remodeling. (F) Four weeks postprocedure lumbar MRI, axial view, demonstrating large broad-based disc protrusion with associated annular fissure.
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