Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1
Ligamentous structures of the spinal motion segment, along with the six degrees of freedom at each level indicated on the anatomy and in the box.
- Fig. 2
Cross-sections of the human cadaveric intervertebral discs in the sagittal plane, showing mild (top), moderate-to-severe (middle), and severe (bottom) degeneration.
- Fig. 3
Sagittal plane translation (A) is measured between straight lines drawn along two consecutive VBs. The sagittal plane rotation (B) is the change in the angle formed between lines drawn along the endplates flanking a disc space on flexion/extension films.
- Fig. 4
In the sagittal plane, thoracic pedicle screws may be placed with an “anatomic” trajectory or a “straight-forward” trajectory, which may influence the pull-out strength.
- Fig. 5
Examples of a six-axis spine testing machines using a dual axis actuator, an active XY platform, and a gimbal (top-left),95 a hexapod system (top-right),108 a robotic arm (bottom-left),111 and a pulley system (bottom-right).97
In this issue
Jump to section
Related Articles
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.