Comparing 30-Day Outcomes After Emergent Spine Procedures Performed “During Hours” vs “After Hours”

Article Figures & Data

Table 1

Patient demographics for during hours vs after hours groups.

Demographic	During Hours Group	After Hours Group	P Value
Age, y, mean ± SD (range)	55.7 ± 19.8 (16–87)	55.2 ± 20.1 (2–95)	0.89
Sex, men, n (%)	34 (69.4%)	119 (62.0%)	0.34
Comorbidity, n (%)
Malignancy	10 (20.4%)	32 (16.7%)	0.54
Congestive heart failure	2 (4.1%)	16 (8.3%)	0.31
Coronary artery disease	8 (16.3%)	23 (12.0%)	0.42
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	3 (6.12%)	14 (7.29%)	0.775
Hypertension	22 (44.90%)	91 (47.40%)	0.756
Hyperlipidemia	14 (28.57%)	45 (23.44%)	0.456
Diabetes mellitus	14 (28.57%)	35 (18.23%)	0.108
Liver disease	3 (6.12%)	6 (3.13%)	0.323
Chronic kidney disease	6 (12.24%)	15 (7.81%)	0.326
Alcohol abuse, n (%)	3 (6.12%)	23 (11.98%)	0.238
Drug abuse, n (%)	2 (4.08%)	18 (9.38%)	0.231
Anticoagulant use, n (%)	7 (14.29%)	21 (10.94%)	0.514
Antiplatelet use, n (%)	12 (24.49%)	21 (10.94%)	0.014
Prior site surgery, n (%)	11 (22.45%)	48 (25.00%)	0.711
Neurological deficit, n (%)	24 (50.00%)	84 (44.27%)	0.476
American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale, n (%)			0.083
A	4 (8.51%)	20 (11.05%)
B	3 (6.12%)	26 (14.36%)
C	8 (17.02%)	28 (15.47%)
D	24 (51.06%)	56 (30.94%)
E	8 (17.02%)	51 (28.18%)
American Society of Anesthesiologists class, n (%)			0.062
1 or 2	10 (20.41%)	43 (22.40%)
3	25 (51.02%)	68 (33.42%)
4 or 5	14 (28.57%)	81 (42.19%)

Table 2

Surgical characteristics of during hours vs after hours groups.

Characteristic	During Hours Group	After Hours Group	P Value
Spinal level, n (%)			0.5
Cervical	21 (42.9%)	74 (38.5%)
Thoracic	14 (28.67%)	71 (37.0%)
Lumbar	14 (28.6%)	47 (24.5%)
Spinal pathology, n (%)			0.2
Degenerative	19 (38.8%)	58 (30.2%)
Infection	7 (14.3%)	36 (18.8%)
Oncology	7 (14.3%)	13 (6.8%)
Trauma	16 (32.7%)	85 (44.3%)
Urgency of surgery, n (%)
Blue immediate	6 (12.2%)	8 (4.2%)	0.03
Blue within 1 h	11 (22.5%)	78 (40.6%)	0.02
Blue within 3 h	23 (47.0%)	75 (39.1%)	0.32
Blue within 6 h	9 (18.4%)	31 (16.2%)	0.71
Length of surgery, min, mean ± SD	145.3 ± 92.4	129.8 ± 83.9	0.29
Spinal fusion, n (%)	28 (57.1%)	99 (51.9%)	0.49
C-arm, n (%)	34 (69.4%)	138 (71.9%)	0.73
O-arm, n (%)	1 (2.0%)	5 (2.6%)	>0.99
Estimated blood loss, mL, mean ± SD	303.9 ± 379.5	274.4 ± 273.5	0.61

Table 3

Surgical outcomes for during hours vs after hours groups.

Outcomes	During Hours Group	After Hours Group	P Value
Improvement in American Spinal Injury Association, mean ± SD	0.3 ± 0.6	0.3 ± 0.8	0.854
Intensive care unit length of stay, d, mean ± SD	4.6 ± 8.7	6.313 ± 12.142	0.272
Hospital length of stay, d, mean ± SD	13.5 ± 11.0	14.2 ± 16.1	0.724
30-day return to operating room, n (%)	7 (14.3%)	13 (6.8%)	0.089
30-day readmission, n (%)	1 (2.0%)	12 (6.3%)	0.244
30-day mortality, n (%)	2 (4.1%)	14 (7.3%)	0.420