Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Perioperative images of a 67-year-old man with prior L3 to L4 posterolateral interbody fusion 5 years earlier undergoing open laminectomy and extension of fusion to L2. (A) Preoperative flexion radiograph. (B) Preoperative extension radiograph. (C) Postoperative flexion radiograph. (D) Postoperative extension radiograph.
- Figure 2
Perioperative images of a 60-year-old man with prior L3 to S1 instrumented fusion 3 years earlier undergoing right-sided lateral interbody fusion at L2 to L3. (A) Preoperative extension radiograph. (B) Preoperative flexion radiograph. (C) Postoperative flexion radiograph. (D) Postoperative extension radiograph 3.
- Figure 3
Perioperative images of a 72-year-old woman with prior L4 to S1 instrumented fusion 5 years earlier undergoing L3 to L4 microdiscectomy. (A) Preoperative sagittal T2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (B) Postoperative axial T2 MRI.
- Figure 4
Perioperative images of an 80-year-old man with prior L2 to L4 instrumented fusion 6 years earlier undergoing right-sided L1 to L2 endoscopic-assisted foraminal decompression. (A) Preoperative axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (B) Preoperative sagittal MRI. (C) Postoperative axial MRI. (D) Postoperative sagittal MRI.
- Figure 5
Numeric pain scale ratings for back (A) and leg (B) pain collected at 3 follow-up periods of 2 weeks, 10 weeks, and 6 months. *Significant change in pain for open laminectomy and fusion (LF) from preoperative time point (P < 0.0001). #Significant change in pain for lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) from preoperative time point (P < 0.05). ^Significant change in pain for microdiscectomy (MCD) from preoperative time point (P < 0.0001). Abbreviation: Endo, endoscopic decompression.
Tables
Indication for Surgery Open Laminectomy and Fusion (n = 55) Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (n = 26) Microdiscectomy (n = 9) Endoscopic Decompression (n = 17) Back pain 6.1 7.7 0 5.9 Leg pain 14.3 19.2 55.6 64.7 Back and leg pain 67.4 65.4 0 29.4 Myelopathy 2.0 0 0 0 Neurogenic claudication 10.2 7.7 33.3 0 Other 0 0 11.1 0 Demographics Open Laminectomy and Fusion (n = 55) Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (n = 26) Microdiscectomy (n = 9) Endoscopic Decompression (n = 17) P Follow-up, mo, mean 20.7 25.6 22.5 19.7 0.8 Age, y, mean 66.2 66.9 73.1 72.0 0.09 Body mass index, mean 28.4 27.8 28.9 26.0 0.229 Smoker, n 17 12 4 6 0.726 Gender, % woman 54.7 53.8 33.3 35.3 0.378 ASA score, mean 2.8 3 2.8 2.8 0.49 Previous levels fused 1 21 3 2 3 2+ 21 20 6 12 Levels operated, n T11–T12 2 1 0 0 T12–L1 4 2 0 0 L1–L2 13 5 1 1 L2–L3 27 11 4 6 L4–L5 35 0 1 3 L5–S1 32 0 2 2 Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists;
Clinical Outcome Measure Open Laminectomy and Fusion Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Microdiscectomy Endoscopic Decompression P No. of levels fused, mean 1.82 1.27 0 0 <0.0001 No. of levels operated, mean 2.23 1.23 1.0 1.56 <0.0001 Estimated blood loss, mean 304.0 37.6 5.0 5.0 <0.0001 Length of stay, mean 4.0 2.48 1.0 0.94 <0.0001 Bone morphogenetic protein, mean 48 25 0 0 <0.0001 Complications, n 1 0 0 0 0.799 Interbodies per surgery, mean 0.65 1.2 0 0 <0.0001 % Requiring a third operation 12.7 19.2 33.3 52.9 0.005
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