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Research ArticleEndoscopy

The History of Endoscopic Posterior Lumbar Surgery

Choll W. Kim and Frank Phillips
International Journal of Spine Surgery December 2021, 15 (suppl 3) S6-S10; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14444/8159
Choll W. Kim
1 Excel Spine Center, Center of Excellence for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, San Diego, CA, USA
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Frank Phillips
2 Ronald DeWald Endowed Professor of Spinal Deformities, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Article Information

vol. 15 no. suppl 3 S6-S10
DOI 
https://doi.org/10.14444/8159
PubMed 
34974416

Published By 
International Journal of Spine Surgery
Online ISSN 
2211-4599
History 
  • Published online December 31, 2021.

Copyright & Usage 
This manuscript is generously published free of charge by ISASS, the International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery. Copyright © 2021 ISASS. To see more or order reprints or permissions, see http://ijssurgery.com.

Author Information

  1. Choll W. Kim1 and
  2. Frank Phillips2
  1. 1 Excel Spine Center, Center of Excellence for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, San Diego, CA, USA
  2. 2 Ronald DeWald Endowed Professor of Spinal Deformities, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
  1. Correspondence to Choll W. Kim, Excel Spine Center, Center of Excellence for Spine, San Diego, CA, USA; ck11{at}chollkim.com
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International Journal of Spine Surgery
Vol. 15, Issue suppl 3
1 Dec 2021
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The History of Endoscopic Posterior Lumbar Surgery
Choll W. Kim, Frank Phillips
International Journal of Spine Surgery Dec 2021, 15 (suppl 3) S6-S10; DOI: 10.14444/8159

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The History of Endoscopic Posterior Lumbar Surgery
Choll W. Kim, Frank Phillips
International Journal of Spine Surgery Dec 2021, 15 (suppl 3) S6-S10; DOI: 10.14444/8159
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • INTRODUCTION
    • THE INTRODUCTION OF THE SPINAL ENDOSCOPE FOR PERCUTANEOUS LUMBAR DISECTOMY
    • DEVELOPMENT OF DEDICATED ENDOSCOPIC SPINAL SYSTEMS
    • RECENT ADVANCES IN ENDOSCOPIC SPINE SURGERY
    • CHALLENGES TO ADOPTION OF ENDOSCOPIC SPINE SURGERY
    • A NONENDOSCOPIC, MINIMALLY INVASIVE SPINE SURGEON’S PERSPECTIVE
    • SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
    • Footnotes
    • References
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More in this TOC Section

  • Durability of Endoscopes Used During Routine Lumbar Endoscopy: An Analysis of Use Patterns, Common Failure Modes, Impact on Patient Care, and Contingency Plans
  • Biportal Endoscopic Technique for Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Review of Current Research
  • A Review of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Decompression for Degenerative Lumbar Canal Stenosis
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