Full-Endoscopic Ventral Facetectomy vs Open Laminectomy for Lumbar Lateral Recess Stenosis: A Comparative Study and Brief Literature Review

Stylianos Kapetanakis; Nikolaos Gkantsinikoudis; Georgios Charitoudis

doi:10.14444/8218

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Figure 1
Fluoroscopic corroboration of needle position (lateral view).
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Figure 2
Sequential implementation of increasing diameter reamers and foraminotomy.
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Figure 3
Schematic representation of studied indices course during various follow-up intervals (Group A). Abbreviations: BP, bodily pain; GH, general health; MH, mental health; PF, physical function; PreOP, preoperative; RE, role-emotional; RP, role-physical; SF, social function; V, energy, fatigue, and vitality; VAS-BP, visual analog scale for low back pain; VAS-LP, visual analog scale for lower limb pain.
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Figure 4
Schematic representation of studied indices course during various follow-up intervals (Group B). Abbreviations: BP, bodily pain; GH, general health; MH, mental health; PF, physical function; PreOP, preoperative; RE, role-emotional; RP, role-physical; SF, social function; V, energy, fatigue, and vitality; VAS-BP, visual analog scale low back pain; VAS-LP, visual analog scale lower limb pain.
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Figure 5
Presentation of visual analog scale for low back pain (VAS-BP) values change in studied follow-up intervals. Abbreviation: PreOP, preoperative.
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Figure 6
Role-emotional (RE) parameter assessment in the determined follow-up intervals. Abbreviation: PreOP = preoperative.

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Table 1

Demographic data of enrolled individuals.

Characteristic	Total(N = 90)	Group A(n = 48)	Group B(n = 42)
Sex n (%)
Men	46 (51.1)	26 (54.2)	20 (47.6)
Women	44 (48.9)	22 (45.8)	22 (52.4)
Age, y, mean ± SD	73.0 ± 7.2	73.8 ± 6.1	72.0 ± 8.2
Operated level, n (%)
L3-L4	20 (22.2)	12 (25.0)	8 (19.0)
L4-L5	49 (54.4)	25 (52.1)	24 (57.1)
L5-S1	21 (23.3)	11 (22.9)	10 (23.8)

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Table 2

Recorded values of each outcome measure in all studied indexes during before surgery and at various follow-up visits.

Parameter	Preoperative		6 wk		3 mo		6 mo		12 mo		2 y
Parameter	Group A	Group B	Group A	Group B	Group A	Group B	Group A	Group B	Group A	Group B	Group A	Group B
PF	35.0 ± 3.5	34.5 ± 3.1	60.2 ± 3.8	59.4 ± 3.3	71.9 ± 4.2	70.0 ± 3.6	77.4 ± 4.6	75.5 ± 3.6	80.5 ± 4.7	78.8 ± 3.6	81.5 ± 4.8	80.5 ± 3.6
PF	P = 0.396		P = 0.286		P = 0.018		P = 0.018		P = 0.041		P = 0.163
RP	35.5 ± 2.6	35.4 ± 4.3	60.4 ± 2.9	61.7 ± 4.1	71.5 ± 2.9	73.6 ± 4.1	76.2 ± 3.2	78.2 ± 4.2	79.0 ± 3.3	80.3 ± 4.3	80.5 ± 3.3	80.7 ± 4.3
RP	P = 0.661		P = 0.188		P = 0.014		P = 0.023		P = 0.164		P = 0.926
BP	36.3 ± 3.8	35.0 ± 4.1	65.0 ± 3.9	48.9 ± 4.1	78.2 ± 4.3	56.0 ± 4.1	84.2 ± 4.4	59.1 ± 4.3	88.5 ± 4.3	61.1 ± 4.4	90.1 ± 4.3	61.6 ± 4.6
BP	P = 0.104		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001
GH	37.1 ± 2.9	36.8 ± 4.0	62.1 ± 3.2	59.7 ± 4.1	74.5 ± 3.5	71.4 ± 4.3	78.6 ± 3.6	76.4 ± 4.4	80.7 ± 4.0	78.2 ± 4.7	81.2 ± 4.0	79.4 ± 4.9
GH	P = 0.829		P = 0.006		P = 0.001		P = 0.021		P = 0.011		P = 0.084
V	35.3 ± 2.8	35.0 ± 3.3	59.8 ± 3.0	61.5 ± 3.7	71.8 ± 3.1	74.1 ± 4.0	76.9 ± 3.4	78.2 ± 4.2	79.0 ± 3.5	79.7 ± 4.2	80.4 ± 3.6	80.2 ± 4.4
V	P = 0.626		P = 0.310		P = 0.005		P = 0.121		P = 0.412		P = 0.729
SF	36.6 ± 3.2	35.8 ± 4.6	62.2 ± 3.8	59.1 ± 4.6	73.7 ± 3.9	70.1 ± 4.6	78.3 ± 4.2	75.1 ± 4.5	81.4 ± 4.2	78.7 ± 4.6	83.1 ± 4.2	80.2 ± 4.7
SF	P = 0.503		P = 0.001		P < 0.001		P = 0.003		P = 0.008		P = 0.005
RE	38.1 ± 3.2	37.1 ± 4.4	66.1 ± 3.8	50.2 ± 4.4	80.6 ± 3.8	56.2 ± 4.6	87.6 ± 3.7	59.3 ± 4.9	92.6 ± 3.7	60.9 ± 5.0	94.1 ± 3.8	61.4 ± 4.9
RE	P = 0.209		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001
MH	34.9 ± 3.2	36.1 ± 4.1	58.8 ± 3.5	62.2 ± 4.2	70.4 ± 3.7	74.2 ± 4.4	74.4 ± 3.6	77.5 ± 4.5	76.2 ± 3.8	78.9 ± 4.6	76.8 ± 3.9	79.4 ± 4.5
MH	P = 0.158		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P = 0.001		P = 0.004		P = 0.005
VAS-LP	88.3 ± 8.1	90.5 ± 7.6	37.5 ± 6.7	36.7 ± 6.5	22.9 ± 9.0	21.9 ± 5.9	12.1 ± 8.2	10.5 ± 7.6	10.4 ± 6.8	7.9 ± 7.5	10.2 ± 7.0	7.1 ± 7.7
VAS-LP	P = 0.191		P = 0.555		P = 0.523		P = 0.318		P = 0.086		P = 0.043
VAS-BP	89.2 ± 8.7	92.6 ± 8.0	30.4 ± 8.2	62.4 ± 6.9	16.5 ± 9.1	56.2 ± 5.8	10.2 ± 7.3	52.4 ± 7.3	9.2 ± 7.1	51.0 ± 7.6	9.2 ± 7.1	50.5 ± 7.3
VAS-BP	P = 0.058		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001		P < 0.001

P value indicates statistical comparison of recorded values between the 2 groups in the given interval. Statistically significant P values are in boldface.
Values of SF-36 indexes represent percentages, whereas recorded VAS values constitute millimeters.
BP, bodily pain; GH, general health; MH, mental health; PF, physical function; RE, role-emotional; RP, role-physical; SF, social function; V, energy, fatigue, and vitality; VAS-BP, visual analog scale for low back pain; VAS-LP, visual analog scale for lower limb pain.