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Research ArticleBiomechanics

Sagittal Plane Geometry of Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Endplates

Rangel Roberto de Assis, Marcello Nogueira Barbosa and Helton L.A. Defino
International Journal of Spine Surgery October 2022, 16 (5) 792-799; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14444/8336
Rangel Roberto de Assis
1 Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School - Sao Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
MD
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Marcello Nogueira Barbosa
2 Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School - Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
MD, PhD
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Helton L.A. Defino
1 Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School - Sao Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
MD, PhD
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    Figure 1

    Types of vertebral endplates (VEs) according to the morphology: (A) concave, (B) convex, (C) flat, and (D) irregular. In the flat type, the entire extension of the VE was contained in the line that joined the anterior and posterior corners of the vertebral body. In the concave type, the deepest part of the VE was located at least 1 mm deep in relation to the line that joined the anterior and posterior corners of the vertebral body. In the convex type, part of the plate was located at least 1 mm from the reference line. In the irregular type, the plate was at least one point above and one point below the reference line. The nomenclature describing the cranial and caudal VEs refers to the vertebral body. Cranial VEs are on the cranial side and the caudal endplates are on the caudal side of the vertebral body.

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    Figure 2

    Sagittal magnetic resonance imaging of lumbar spine illustrating (A) flat, (B) concave, and (C) convex vertebral endplates.

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    Figure 3

    Distribution of vertebral endplate shapes in the cervical, lumbar, and thoracic spines.

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    Figure 4

    Midsagittal length in the cervical, lumbar, and thoracic spine.

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    Figure 5

    Endplate concavity depth (ECD) in the cervical, lumbar, and thoracic spine.

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    Figure 6

    Endplate concavity axis (ECA) in the cervical, lumbar, and thoracic spine.

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    Table

    Patient distribution according to age, gender, and spinal segment.

    Segment n Age, y, Mean ± SDGender: n (%)
    Cervical3329.45 ± 9.62M: 16 (48.5); F: 17 (51.5)
    Thoracic3230.94 ± 7.29M:11 (34.4); F: 21 (65.6)
    Lumbar3533.77 ± 9.8M: 16 (45.7); F: 19 (54.3)
    • Abbreviations: F, female; M, male.

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International Journal of Spine Surgery
Vol. 16, Issue 5
1 Oct 2022
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Sagittal Plane Geometry of Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Endplates
Rangel Roberto de Assis, Marcello Nogueira Barbosa, Helton L.A. Defino
International Journal of Spine Surgery Oct 2022, 16 (5) 792-799; DOI: 10.14444/8336

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Sagittal Plane Geometry of Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Endplates
Rangel Roberto de Assis, Marcello Nogueira Barbosa, Helton L.A. Defino
International Journal of Spine Surgery Oct 2022, 16 (5) 792-799; DOI: 10.14444/8336
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Keywords

  • sagittal geometry
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  • cervical
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