Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1
Operating room set-up, note the laterally transparent drape. This allows the surgical team see foot pedals on the floor, and the fluoroscope as it is placed in the lateral position.
- Fig. 2
Patient in prone position on the operating table. Note skin markings indicating spinal levels and iliac crests, prior to skin preparation and sterile draping.
- Fig. 3
Intra-operative, anteroposterior fluoroscopic view of guide wires triangulating in the foraminal canal of the target motion-segment.
- Fig. 4
Illustration of unilateral, bi-portal approach to a thoracic foramen. Note in this illustration the arthroscope is the rostral cannula.
- Fig. 5
Unilateral bi-portal arthroscopic approach to the thoracic spine. Note the arthroscope and the instrument in the surgeon's left, and the right hand, respectively.
- Fig. 6
Arthroscopic view of the grasping forceps in the disc space.
- Fig. 7
After excision of a large calcified herniated disc material from within the disc space, a Penfield #4 probe is inserted between the posterior annulus and the dura, to decompress the epidural space.
- Fig. 8
Arthroscopic view of the dura, after excision of a large herniated and calcified intervertebral disc.
- Fig. 9
Anteroposterior fluoroscopic view of bone dowel being place in the intervertebral disc space, through one of the cannulas.
- Fig. 10
Thoracic levels of degeneration/herniation which were operated on.
- Fig. 11
Overall pain severity score preoperatively and postoperatively. The difference was statistically significant (P ≤ .005).
- Fig. 12
Preoperative and postoperative level of satisfaction with life as a result of spine-related symptoms. The difference was statistically significant (P ≤ .005). ES, extremely satisfied; MX, mixed reaction; SD, somewhat dissatisfied; SS, somewhat satisfied; VD, very dissatisfied; VS, very satisfied.
- Fig. 13
Preoperative and postoperative salaried work status, showing the number of hours patients were able to work per week as a result of spine-related symptoms. (NW-Other, not working for non–spine-related reason; NW-Retired, not working because of retirement; NW-SP, not working because of spine-related symptoms; W 40, working 40 hours per week.)
- Fig. 14
4 months post-operative CT Scan of interbody fusion of the thoracic spine.
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