Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1
Magnetic resonance image showing lumbar spinal stenosis. Sagittal (A) and axial (B) T2-weighted images showing lumbar spinal stenosis at L4/L5 secondary to ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and bilateral facet arthropathy. Sagittal (C) and axial (D) T2-weighted images showing foraminal stenosis on the left secondary to facet arthropathy at L5/S1.
- Fig. 2
Magnetic resonance image showing an epidural lesion extending from T8 – T10. Sagittal (A) and axial (B) T1-weighted images showing the dumbbell-shaped hyperintense lesion extending multiple levels and through the foramen at T9/T10. Additionally, the lesion shows hypointense regions, corresponding to the vascular component of the tumor. Sagittal (C) and axial (D) T2-weighted images showing severe spinal stenosis with spinal cord compression.
- Fig. 3
Intraoperative photographs showing a reddish-brown lesion overlying the thecal sac (Left) which was removed en bloc following laminectomy (Right).
- Fig. 4
Tumor specimen consisting of a soft, reddish-brown mass (Left). Histological slide showing mature adipocytes and blood vessels of various sizes, some filled with thrombin (Right).
Tables
Author Year Age, sex First symptom Level Axial location Infiltrating Treatment Outcome Berenbruch 1890 16/M Paraparesis Thoracic Not available N Surgery Liebscher 1901 51/F Numbness T7-T8 Anterior N No surgery Frazier and Allen 1918 55/F Thoracic Unknown N Unknown Unknown Balado and Morea 1928 20/F Paraparesis Midthoracic Unknown N No surgery Kasper and Cowan 1929 6/M Bleeding to lumbar puncture C2-T1 and L3-S3 Unknown N No surgery Petit-Dutaillis and Christoph 1931 43/F Paraplegia T6-T10 Unknown N Surgery Recovery Ehni and Love 1945 30/F Paraplegia T6-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Ehni and Love 1945 67/M Paraparesis T8-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Bucy and Ritchey 1947 33/M Paraparesis C6-T5 Posterolateral N Surgery+RT Improved Taylor et al. 1951 51/F Paraparesis T3-T6 Posterior N Surgery Improved Taylor et al. 1951 44/F Paraparesis T10-L1 Posterior Y Surgery Improved Moscatelli and Merigliano 1958 51/M T4-T7 Posterior N Unknown Unknown Maier 1962 1.5/F Paraparesis T7 Anterior Y Surgery Recovery Gonzalez-Crusi et al. 1966 20/F LBP L1-L4 Anterior Y Surgery+RT Recovery Gagliardi and Gambacorta 1968 30/M Paraparesis T3-T4 Posterior N Unknown Unknown Lo Re and Michelacci 1969 16/M Congenital Cauda Posterior N Surgery Recovery Lo Re and Michelacci 1969 35/F Lumbar Posterior N Surgery Recovery Warot and Petit 1969 57/F Paraparesis T4-T6 Posterior N Unknown Unknown Pearson et al. 1970 17/F Back pain T2-T5 Anterior Y Surgery Improved Pearson et al. 1970 22/M Back pain T3-T9 Anterior Y Surgery Improved Pearson et al. 1970 44/F Numbness T7-T10 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Henry et al. 1971 63/M Paraparesis Cervicothoracic Posterior N No surgery Death due to other causes Giuffré 1971 36/F T4-T8 Unknown N Unknown Unknown Bender et al. 1974 50/F Paraparesis T6-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery and late recurrence Bender et al. 1974 58/M Paraparesis T7-T10 Posterior N Surgery Improved Scanarini and Carteri 1974 57/F Paraplegia T7 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Obrador et al. 1977 43/F Leg pain T7-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Occhiogrosso &Vailati 1977 34/F Numbness T6-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Cull et al. 1978 50/F Paraparesis T8-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Cull et al. 1978 45/F Paraparesis T6-T8 Posterior N Surgery Improved Shuangshoti and Hongsagrabhas 1979 45/M T10-T11 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Schiffer et al. 1980 48/F Numbness T10-L1 Anterior Y Surgery Recovery Goyal 1980 67/F Paraparesis Posterolateral N Surgery Dead Miki et al. 1981 46/F Numbness T3-T5 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Padovani et al. 1982 50/M Paraparesis T4-T6 Posterolateral N Surgery Recovery Padovani et al. 1982 52/M Paraparesis T4-T6 Posterior Y Surgery Improved Hanakita and Koyama 1982 42/M Gait disturbance T4-T5 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Pasquier et al. 1984 48/F T8-T10 Posterior N Surgery Improved Butti et al. 1984 44/M Paresthesia right arm C6-C7 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Butti et al. 1984 50/F Numbness in legs L4-L5 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Bardosi et al. 1985 46/M LBP T11-L2 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Von Hanwehr et al. 1985 35/M Numbness of right foot T6 Anterior Y Surgery Recovery Haddad et al. 1986 34/M Numbness of legs T5-T6 Posterior Y Surgery Improved Haddad et al. 1986 22/M Back pain T7-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Griebel et al. 1986 53/F Paraparesis T5-T6 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Nishiura et al. 1986 42/M Numbness in legs T3-T6 Posterior N Surgery Improved Nishiura et al. 1986 24/M LBP L5-S1 Anterolateral N Surgery Recovery Nishiura et al. 1986 45/M Numbness in legs T3-T6 Posterior N Surgery Improved Matsushima et al. 1987 41/F Paraparesis T9-T10 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Rivkind et al. 1986 52/M Paraparesis T7 Anterolateral N Surgery Recovery Poon et al. 1988 65/F Back pain T8-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Parizel 1989 37/F T4-T8 Unknown N Surgery Anson et al. 1990 58/F Back pain T2-T6 Posterolateral N Surgery+RT Recovery Anson et al. 1990 65/F Paraparesis T1-T8 Posterior N Surgery Unchanged Kuroda et al. 1990 73/F Numbness in left leg T4 Posterior Y Surgery Improved Weill et al. 1991 46/F Paraparesis T7-T10 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Mascalchi et al. 1991 42/F Numbness of left toe T5-T6 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Rubin et al. 1992 58/M Paraparesis T8-T10 Posterior N Surgery Improved Stranjalis et al. 1992 68/F Paraparesis T5-T6 Posterior Y Surgery Improved Pagni and Canavero 1992 56/F LBP L3 Anterior N Surgery Recovery Pagni and Canavero 1992 59/F LBP L4-L5 Anterior N Surgery Recovery Mimata 1992 60/M T5-T8 Unknown N Surgery Recovery Yamashita et al. 1993 57/M Gait disturbance T3-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Shibata 1993 38/F Paraparesis T4-T6 Unknown N Surgery Recovery Preul et al. 1993 45/F Numbness in legs T7-T11 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Preul et al. 1993 58/M Back pain T3 Posterior Y Surgery Unchanged Michilli et al. 1993 12/M LBP T5-T10 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Sakaki et al. 1993 67/M Leg pain T12-L1 Lateral N Surgery Recovery Fernandez et al. 1994 14/F Paraplegia T5 Posterior N Surgery Improved Fernandez et al. 1994 28/M Paraplegia C7-T4 Posterior N Surgery Unchanged Turanzas et al. 1994 25/M Paraparesis T6-T8 Anterior Y Surgery Improved Balbo 1995 41/M Paraparesis T6-T7 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Bouramas 1995 27/F Numbness in legs T2-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery O‘Donovan 1996 54/M Back pain T3-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Trabulo et al. 1996 26/F Back pain T2-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Trabulo et al. 1996 72/M Paraparesis T6 Posterior Y Surgery Recovery Provenzale & McLendon 1996 38/F LBP Lumbar Posterior N Surgery Unknown Provenzale & McLendon 1996 61/F Paraparesis Thoracic (2 tumors) Posterior N Surgery Unknown Provenzale & McLendon 1996 42/F Back pain Thoracic Posterior N Surgery Unknown Krishnan et al. 1996 55/F Paraparesis T6-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Boockvar et al. 1997 34/F Back pain T3-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Shuangshoti & Lerdlum 1997 21/M Paraparesis T1-T2 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Sakaida 1998 72/M Numbness in legs T3-T5 Anterior Y Surgery Recovery Labram et al. 1999 40/F Back pain C6-T3 Posterolateral N Surgery Recovery Labram et al. 1999 68/F Back pain T5-T10 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Labram et al. 1999 17/M Back pain C5-T3 Circumferential N Surgery Recovery Turgut 1999 54/F Paraparesis T4-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Kujas 1999 67/F Paraparesis T6 Anterior N Surgery Worsened Oge et al. 1999 72/M Paraparesis T2-T5 Posterior N Surgery Recovery El Abbadi 1999 38 Paraparesis T10-T11 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Bailey et al. 2000 44/F Numbness in legs T3-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Al-Anazi et al. 2000 38/F Numbness of both legs T5-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Andaluz et al. 2000 24/F Paraparesis T7-T10 Posterior N Surgery+embolization Recovery Andaluz et al. 2000 39/F Numbness in legs T6-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Andaluz et al. 2000 59/F Paraparesis T4-T6 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Andaluz et al 2000 69/M Paraparesis T3-T4 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Akhaddar et al. 2000 47/F Numbness in legs T4-T6 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Akhaddar et al. 2000 46/F Paraparesis T7-T9 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Akhaddar et al. 2000 38/F Numbness in legs T3-T5 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Akhaddar et al. 2000 46/F Paraparesis T3-T4 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Akhaddar et al. 2000 12/F Paraparesis T7-T8 Posterior N Surgery Improved Akhaddar et al. 2000 64/F Leg pain T2-T4 Posterolateral N Surgery Recovery Akhaddar et al. 2000 58/M Numbness in legs T3-T6 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Akhaddar et al. 2000 47/M Back pain T3-T6 Posterior N Surgery Improved Amlashi et al. 2001 36/F LBP T2-T6 Posterior N Surgery Improved Fourney et al. 2001 46/F Numbness in legs T6-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Garg et al. 2002 12/F Paraparesis T1-T11 Posterolateral N Surgery Improved Gelabert et al. 2002 4/M Paraparesis T2-T5 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Pinto et al. 2002 85/M Leg pain L1-L2 Posterior N Surgery Improved Samdani et al. 2004 49/F LBP T6-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Aversa do Souto et al. 2003 46/F LBP L4-L5 Anterior N Surgery Recovery Rocchi et al. 2004 60/M Leg pain L3-L4 Anterior N Surgery Recovery Rocchi et al. 2004 54/F Leg pain L3 Anterior N Surgery Recovery Rabin et al. 2004 47/M Numbness in legs T9 Anterior Y Embolization+Surgery Recovery Petrella et al. 2005 16/M LBP T4-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Cubillos et al. 2005 40/F Numbness in legs T4-T7 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Konya et al. 2006 60/F LBP L5 Posterolateral N Surgery Recovery Dogan et al. 2006 50/F Leg pain L4-L5 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Dogan et al. 2006 36/M LBP L2 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Raghavendra et al 2007 14/F Subarachnoid hemorrhage and acute back pain T1-T9 Posterior N No surgery Unchanged Guzey et al. 2007 41/F LBP and leg pain L2-L3 Posterolateral Y Surgery Recovery Akhaddar et al. 2008 47/M Paraparesis T2-T3 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Nanassis et al. 2008 47/F LBP and leg pain L2-L3 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Farooq et al. 2008 57/F LBP and numbness in legs T5-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Yen et al. 2008 71/M Back pain and progressive paraparesis T5-T6 Posterior Y Surgery Recovery Hungs et al. 2008 52/F Back pain and leg pain T2-T5 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Park et al. 2008 74/M LBP L5-S1 Lateral N Surgery Recovery Gelabert-Gonzalez et al. 2009 16/M LBP L5-S1 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Gelabert-Gonzalez et al. 2009 45/F Paraparesis and numbness L5-S1 Posterior N Surgery Improved Dufrenot et al. 2010 44/F Surgery Recovery Sankaran et al. 2010 77/M Post-traumatic bleeding and acute paraparesis T8-T10 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Haji et al. 2011 65/F Numbness in legs T5-T7 Posterior N Surgery Improved Diyora et al. 2011 20/M Back pain and paraparesis T5-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Tsutsumi et al. 2011 31/F Paraplegia T3-T4 Posterolateral N Surgery Recovery Chotai et al. 2011 68/M Back pain and numbness in legs T9-T11 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Han et al. 2012 58/M Leg dysesthesia and paraparesis T4-T5 Posterolateral Y Surgery Recovery Ghanta et al. 2012 56/M Leg numbness and gait disturbance T4-T5 Posterior N Surgery Improved Fujiwara et al. 2013 64/F Leg dysesthesia T5-T8 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Fujiwara et al. 2013 65/M Leg dysesthesia and gait disturbance T5-T7 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Reyes et al. 2013 68/M LBP T10-L1 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Si et al. 2014 50/M NR L3-L4 Posterior N Surgery Si et al. 2014 53/M NR T4-T7 Posterior N Surgery Improved Si et al. 2014 58/M NR T9-T10 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Si et al. 2014 41/F NR T5-T6 Posterior N Surgery Si et al. 2014 19/F NR C3-C6 Posterior N Surgery Si et al. 2014 26/F NR C4-C6 Posterolateral N Surgery Si et al. 2014 63/F NR T7-T10 Posterior N Surgery Improved Si et al. 2014 62/F NR T8-T10 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Si et al. 2014 74/F NR L4-L5 Lateral N Surgery Recovery Si et al. 2014 55/M NR T3-T5 Lateral N Surgery Recovery Si et al. 2014 62/M NR L4-L5 Posterior Y Surgery Recovery Si et al. 2014 61/M NR T11-L3 Posterior Y Surgery Si et al. 2014 43/F NR T7-T9 Posterolateral N Surgery Improved Si et al. 2014 57/M NR T5-T8 Posterior N Surgery Si et al. 2014 69/F NR T4-T6 Posterolateral N Surgery Unchanged Si et al. 2014 62/M NR T4-T6 Posterior N Surgery Improved Si et al. 2014 47/F NR T2-T3 Posterior Y Surgery Improved Si et al. 2014 50/F NR T2-T4 Posterolateral N Surgery Si et al. 2014 37/M NR T4-T7 Posterior N Surgery Si et al. 2014 51/F NR T4-T5 Posterior N Surgery Si et al. 2014 59/F NR T8-T11 Surgery Ramdasi et al. 2014 58/M Paraplegia C7-T1 Surgery Recovery Wang et al. 2014 47/F Paraparesis T3-T10 Posterior N Surgery Improved Wang et al. 2014 36/M Leg pain L3-S2 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Wang et al. 2014 46/F Back pain T2-T4 Lateral Y Surgery Recovery Wang et al. 2014 50/M Back pain T1-T3 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Wang et al. 2014 47/F Numbness in legs L2-L4 Posterior N Surgery Improved Wang et al. 2014 46/M Paraparesis T11-T12 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Wang et al. 2014 54/M Leg pain L3-L4 Posterolateral Y Surgery Improved Wang et al. 2014 44/F Numbness in legs T8-T11 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Wang et al. 2014 55/F Leg pain L5-S1 Posterior N Surgery Improved Wang et al. 2014 47/M LBP L2-L3 Posterior N Surgery Improved Wang et al. 2014 49/F LBP L2-L3 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Wang et al. 2014 55/F Numbness in legs T6-T8 Posterior N Surgery Improved da Costa et al. 2014 43/M Paraplegia T9-T10 Posterior N Surgery Improved Nakao et al. 2014 32/F Leg numbness and paraparesis T1-T6 Posterior N Surgery Recovery Nadi et al. 2015 50/F Back pain and paraparesis T6-T9 Posterolateral Y Surgery Improved Present case 2015 65/F LBP and paraparesis T8-T10 Posterolateral N Surgery Recovery M: male; F: female; LBP: low back pain; NR: not reported; N: no; Y: yes; RT: radiotherapy.
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