Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Anterior-posterior and lateral scoliosis films demonstrate rod fracture between L5 and S1, and below S1.
- Figure 2
Corresponding sagittal computed tomography image demonstrates fusion at L5-S1.
- Figure 3
Axial computed tomography image demonstrating absence of set screw in right iliac screw.
- Figure 4
Axial computed tomography image demonstrating corresponding loosened set screw of empty iliac screw seen in Figure 3.
Tables
Outcome Measure Mean (SD) (Range) P Value Preoperative 6 wk 1 y Latest Follow-Up Visual analog scale 6.3 (2.2) (2–10) 4.1 (2.3) (0–9) 3.2 (2.7) (0–8) 2.5 (2.8) (0–6.5) <0.05 Treatment intensity score 49.8 (22.5) (0–100) 36.9 (23.9) (0–96) 30.4 (27.3) (0–90) 31.4 (21.5) (0–75) <0.05 Oswestry Disability Index 43.3 (17) (0–82) 38.2 (22.2) (0–88) 26.9 (20.2) (0–73) 32 (21.9) (0–84) <0.05 Short Form-36 survey 55.8 (30.4) (2–141) 63.5 (33.3) (8–150) 79.3 (37) (7–157) 85.8 (43.8) (8–168) <0.05 Scoliosis Research Society 22-item survey 2.86 (0.6) (1.2–4.5) 3.3 (0.8) (1.4–4.5) 3.8 (0.8) (1.8–4.9) 3.7 (0.8) (2.1–5) <0.05 Note: P values reflect difference between preoperative and last follow-up values.
Outcome Measure Mean (SD) (Range) P Value Preoperative 1-y Postoperative Last Follow-Up (Last Follow-Up) – (Preoperative) Cobb angle 31.1 (14.5) (15.2–74.7) 13.9 (8.9) (0–48.3) 12.1 (9.1) (0–49.7) 18.9 (9.8) (0.94–62.1) <0.05 Lumbar lordosis 41 (16.3) (2.4–84.3) 46.7 (11.4) (10.8–88.2) 48.1 (11.2) (18.3–75.8) 10.2 (9.1) (0.12–43.8) <0.05 Pelvic incidence/lumbar lordosis mismatch 18.6 (12.3) (0.3–60.9) 11.5 (8.1) (0.1–37.2) 11.7 (7.5) (0–29.6) 10.5 (9.3) (0.05–44) <0.05 Sagittal vertical axis 64.1 (54.5) (9.5–267) 39.5 (31.4) (0–163) 39.1 (30.2) (0–125.5) 36.8 (35.7) (0.51–192.2) <0.05 Note: P values reflect difference between preoperative and last follow-up values.
Mode of Failure n Women Men Broken screw 2 1 1 Screw loosening 5 3 2 Symptomatic hardware prominence 6 4 2 Set Screw loosening 4a 2 2 Rod fracturesc 6b 4 2 Total 23 14 9 ↵a Three of the set screw loosenings were asymptomatic. No revision required.
↵b Five rod fractures were asymptomatic with solid fusion on computed tomography scan. No revision.
↵c One male patient had symptomatic T12- L1 and L5-S1 nonunion with bilateral distal rod fractures, iliac set screw loosening, and proximal T12 screw loosening.
Laterality and Details Fused?a Revision? Occurrence (mo) Left sided below S1, right sided between L5 and S1 Yes No 55 Left sided below S1, right sided between L5 and S1 Yes No 58 Left sided between L5 and S1 Yes No 13 Left sided between L5 and S1 Yes No 3 Left sided below S1, L5 facet fractures Yes No 31 Left below L5, right below S1b No Yes 36
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