Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Patient positioning for supine (a) and prone (b) magnetic resonance imaging.
- Figure 2
Lumbar lordosis (LL; green) and lower lumbar lordosis (LLL; yellow).
- Figure 3
Anterior (a), middle (m), and posterior (p) intervertebral disc height.
- Figure 4
Foraminal height (FH), root to pedicle (RtP), and root to superior articular process (RtSAP) distances.
- Figure 5
Left lateral safe corridor (yellow line) for lateral lumbar interbody fusion approach.
- Figure 6
Disperse facet joint fluid signal changes (arrow), suggestive of dynamic lumbar spine instability.
Tables
Variable Supine Position, Mean (SD) Prone Position, Mean (SD) Paired Difference (95% CI) P Lumbar lordosis (°) 49.3 (9.3) 52.1 (10.0) −2.8 (−4.7, −0.9) 0.005 Lower lumbar lordosis (°) 36.9 (6.0) 36.4 (6.5) 0.5 (−0.7, 1.7) 0.404 L3−L4 anterior IVDh (mm) 9.3 (1.6) 9.7 (1.5) −0.3 (−0.6, −0.1) 0.015 L3−L4 middle IVDh (mm) 10.2 (2.1) 10.4 (1.9) −0.2 (−0.5, 0.0) 0.101 L3−L4 posterior IVDh (mm) 6.5 (1.5) 6.5 (1.5) 0.0 (−0.3, 0.2) 0.800 L4−L5 anterior IVDh (mm) 10.2 (2.2) 10.4 (2.0) −0.2 (−0.5, 0.1) 0.142 L4−L5 middle IVDh (mm) 10.2 (2.3) 10.2 (2.1) 0.0 (−0.2, 0.0) 0.914 L4−L5 posterior IVDh (mm) 6.0 (1.5) 6.3 (1.5) −0.3 (−0.6, −0.1] 0.353 L5−S1 anterior IVDh (mm) 11.7 (2.9) 11.7 (2.7) 0.0 (−0.4, 0.4) 1.000 L5−S1 middle IVDh (mm) 9.2 (2.7) 9.2 (2.9) 0.0 (−0.3, 0.3) 0.876 L5−S1 posterior IVDh (mm) 5.1 (1.3) 5.4 (1.7) −0.3 (−0.6, 0.0) 0.032 Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IVDh, intervertebral disc height.
- Table 2
Foraminal height, root-to-pedicle, and RtSAP distances comparison from supine to prone.
Variable Supine Position, Mean (SD) Prone Position, Mean (SD) Paired Difference (95% CI) P Left Foraminal Height L3−L4 19.7 (2.2) 19.4 (2.0) 0.3 (−0.1, 0.7) 0.172 L4−L5 18.2 (1.7) 18.2 (1.7) 0.0 (−0.4, 0.3) 0.859 L5−S1 15.6 (2.0) 16.4 (1.7) −0.8 (−1.3, −0.3) 0.001 Right Foraminal Height L3−L4 19.5 (1.9) 19.2 (2.1) 0.4 (−0.1, 0.8) 0.086 L4−L5 18.3 (1.6) 17.8 (2.0) 0.4 (0.0, 0.9) 0.039 L5−S1 16.9 (2.0) 16.5 (2.1) 0.4 (−0.1, 0.8) 0.093 Left Root-to-Pedicle L3−L4 8.2 (1.8) 8.6 (2.1) −0.3 (−0.8, 0.1) 0.166 L4−L5 8.3 (1.8) 8.1 (1.7) 0.2 (−0.3, 0.6) 0.442 L5−S1 7.3 (1.9) 7.4 (1.5) −0.1 (−0.6, 0.3) 0.519 Right Root-to-Pedicle L3−L4 9.4 (1.8) 8.8 (1.6) 0.6 (0.0, 1.2) 0.065 L4−L5 9.0 (1.6) 8.5 (1.8) 0.5 (0.0, 1.0) 0.055 L5−S1 8.3 (1.3) 8.2 (2.1) 0.1 (−0.5, 0.6) 0.811 Left RtSAP L3−L4 2.3 (1.1) 2.9 (0.9) −0.5 (−0.8, −0.2) 0.052 L4−L5 2.6 (1.1) 2.5 (0.7) 0.1 (−0.2, 0.4) 0.598 L5−S1 2.5 (1.2) 2.7 (0.8) −0.1 (−0.5, 0.2) 0.405 Right RtSAP L3−L4 2.3 (1.1) 2.4 (0.9) −0.1 (−0.4, 0.2) 0.434 L4−L5 2.1 (1.0) 2.4 (0.7) −0.4 (−0.6, −0.1) 0.003 L5−S1 2.3 (1.1) 2.6 (0.8) −0.3 (−0.5, 0.0) 0.049 Abbreviation: RtSAP, root-to-superior articular process.
Variable Supine Position, Ratio (SD) Prone Position, Ratio (SD) Paired Difference (95% CI) P Left L3−L4 0.42 (0.81) 0.44 (0.90) −0.02 (−0.05, 0.00) 0.069 Left L4−L5 0.45 (0.81) 0.45 (0.75) 0.00 (−0.01, 0.03) 0.412 Left L5−S1 0.47 (0.11) 0.45 (0.79) 0.01 (−0.01, 0.04) 0.311 Right L3−L4 0.48 (0.78) 0.46 (0.68) 0.02 (−0.01, 0.05) 0.203 Right L4−L5 0.45 (0.81) 0.45 (0.75) 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) 0.412 Right L5−S1 0.49 (0.77) 0.49 (0.95) 0.00 (−0.03, 0.03) 0.984 Variable Supine Position, Mean (SD) Prone Position, Mean (SD) Paired Difference (95% CI) P L3−L4 Corridor 21.2 (5.3) 20.8 (5.2) 0.4 (−0.2, 1.1) 0.196 L4−L5 Corridor 15.9 (4.6) 15.7 (4.2) 0.2 (−0.6, 1.0) 0.600
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