Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
The Kaplan-Meier curve for the whole cohort, with 95% confidence band and median.
- Figure 2
The Kaplan-Meier curve stratified by groups based on risk terciles of the newly developed model.
- Figure 3
The Kaplan-Meier curve stratified by the number of points on the simplified risk score.
Tables
Demographics and Baseline Characteristics n (%) Age, y, mean (range) 62.7 (28–83) Men 84 (58%) ASA score ASA 1 8 (5.6) ASA 2 69 (47.9) ASA 3 64 (44.4) ASA 4 3 (2.1) BMI <18.5 (Underweight) 3 (2.1) 18.5–24.9 (Normal weight) 37 (25.7) 25–29.9 (Overweight) 41 (28.5) 30–34.9 (Obese) 7 (4.9) >35 (Extremely obese) 3 (2.1) Missing 53 (36.8) Frankel grade (preoperative) A/B/C 49 (34.0) D 53 (36.8) E 42 (29.2) Ambulatory status (preoperative) Intact 83 (57.6) Impaired 61 (42.4) Karnofsky performance score (preoperative) Poor to moderate (0–70) 62 (56.9) Good (70–100) 82 (43.1) Spinal instability neoplastic score Stable (1–6) 10 (6.9) Potentially unstable (7–12) 86 (59.7) Unstable (13–18) 48 (33.3) Oncological characteristics Number (%) Primary tumor site Breast 28 (19.4) Lung (nonsmall cell) 26 (18.1) Multiple myeloma 19 (13.2) Prostate 18 (12.5) Renal 17 (11.8) Unknown primary 7 (4.9) Colon 3 (2.1) Rectum 3 (2.1) B-cell lymphoma (non-Hodgkin) 3 (2.1) Lung (small cell) 3 (2.1) Gastrointestinal 2 (1.4) Oropharynx 2 (1.4) Testis 1 (0.7) Neuroendocrine (lung) 1 (0.7) Melanoma 1 (0.7) Bladder 1 (0.7) Esophageal 1 (0.7) Cholangiocarcinoma 1 (0.7) Missing 7 (4.9) Spinal metastasis region Cervical 17 (11.8) Cervicothoracic junction 2 (1.4) Thoracic 102 (70.8) Thoracolumbar junction 9 (6.3) Lumbar 11 (7.6) Diffuse 3 (2.1) Solitary spinal metastases present 70 (48.6) Extraspinal bone metastases present 66 (45.8) Visceral metastases present 49 (34.0) Cerebral metastases present 14 (9.7) Previous radiotherapy on surgical lesion 14 (9.7) Note: Data presented as n (%) unless otherwise noted.
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index.
- Table 2
Multivariable Cox regression analysis on the association between predictor variables and decreased survival.
Variable Hazard Ratio 95% CI P Value Regression Coefficient Risk Scorea Karnofsky performance status (<70) 1.53 1.03–2.28 0.035 0.43 1 Presence of multiple spinal metastasis 2.02 1.35–3.03 <0.001 0.70 1 Presence of visceral metastasis 1.77 1.16–2.70 0.008 0.57 1 Primary tumor growth (Tomita Scale) <0.001 Slow Reference 0 Moderate 2.31 1.30–4.09 0.004 0.84 1 Fast 4.16 2.57–6.73 <0.001 1.43 2 ↵a Risk scores are based on rounding the regression coefficient up to the nearest integer.
Risk Score Survival Probability (95% CI) 3 mo 6 mo 9 mo 12 mo 0 1 1 1 1 1 0.87 (0.68–0.95) 0.80 (0.61–0.95) 0.80 (0.61–0.91) 0.80 (0.61–0.91) 2 0.90 (0.71–0.97) 0.86 (0.67–0.95) 0.83 (0.64–0.93) 0.80 (0.60–0.90) 3 0.74 (0.55–0.85) 0.56 (0.38–0.71) 0.38 (0.22–0.54) 0.32 (0.22–0.54) 4 0.58 (0.33–0.76) 0.37 (0.17–0.58) 0.32 (0.13–0.52) 0.26 (0.10–0.47) 5 0.38 (0.14–0.63) 0.15 (0.02–0.39) 0.08 (0.01–0.30) 0.08 (0.01–0.30)
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