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Research ArticleTesting & Regulatory Affairs

ISASS Recommendations and Coverage Criteria for Bone-Anchored Annular Defect Closure Following Lumbar Discectomy: Coverage Indications, Limitations, and/or Medical Necessity—An ISASS 2025 Policy Update on the Use of Bone-Anchored Annular Closure to Prevent Reherniation in High-Risk Lumbar Discectomy Patients

Morgan P. Lorio, Richard A. Kube, John Ratliff, Anthony DiGiorgio, David A. Essig, Kris Radcliff, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski and Jon E. Block
International Journal of Spine Surgery June 2025, 8770; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14444/8770
Morgan P. Lorio
1 Department of Orthopedics, Orlando College of Osteopathic Medicine, Winter Garden, FL, USA
MD
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Richard A. Kube II
2 Prairie Spine and Pain Institute, Peoria, IL, USA
MD
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John Ratliff
3 Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Neuroscience Health Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
MD
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Anthony DiGiorgio
4 Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
DO
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David A. Essig
5 Northwell Health Physician Partners, Great Neck, NY, USA
MD
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Kris Radcliff
6 The Spinal DISC Center, Somers Point, NJ, USA
MD
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Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski
7 Center for Advanced Spine Care of Southern Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
MD
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Jon E. Block
8 Independent Consultant, San Francisco, CA, USA
PHD
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  • For correspondence: jb@drjonblock.com
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Article Information

8770
DOI 
https://doi.org/10.14444/8770
PubMed 
40533267

Published By 
International Journal of Spine Surgery
Online ISSN 
2211-4599
History 
  • Published online June 18, 2025.

Copyright & Usage 
This manuscript is generously published free of charge by ISASS, the International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery. Copyright © 2025 ISASS. To see more or order reprints or permissions, see http://ijssurgery.com.

Author Information

  1. Morgan P. Lorio, MD1,
  2. Richard A. Kube II, MD2,
  3. John Ratliff, MD3,
  4. Anthony DiGiorgio, DO4,
  5. David A. Essig, MD5,
  6. Kris Radcliff, MD6,
  7. Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, MD7 and
  8. Jon E. Block, PHD8⇑
  1. 1 Department of Orthopedics, Orlando College of Osteopathic Medicine, Winter Garden, FL, USA
  2. 2 Prairie Spine and Pain Institute, Peoria, IL, USA
  3. 3 Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Neuroscience Health Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
  4. 4 Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
  5. 5 Northwell Health Physician Partners, Great Neck, NY, USA
  6. 6 The Spinal DISC Center, Somers Point, NJ, USA
  7. 7 Center for Advanced Spine Care of Southern Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
  8. 8 Independent Consultant, San Francisco, CA, USA
  1. Correspondence to Jon E. Block, Independent Consultant, 2210 Jackson St, Suite 401, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA; jb{at}drjonblock.com
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International Journal of Spine Surgery
Vol. 19, Issue 3
1 Jun 2025
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ISASS Recommendations and Coverage Criteria for Bone-Anchored Annular Defect Closure Following Lumbar Discectomy: Coverage Indications, Limitations, and/or Medical Necessity—An ISASS 2025 Policy Update on the Use of Bone-Anchored Annular Closure to Preve…
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ISASS Recommendations and Coverage Criteria for Bone-Anchored Annular Defect Closure Following Lumbar Discectomy: Coverage Indications, Limitations, and/or Medical Necessity—An ISASS 2025 Policy Update on the Use of Bone-Anchored Annular Closure to Prevent Reherniation in High-Risk Lumbar Discectomy Patients
Morgan P. Lorio, Richard A. Kube, John Ratliff, Anthony DiGiorgio, David A. Essig, Kris Radcliff, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Jon E. Block
International Journal of Spine Surgery Jun 2025, 8770; DOI: 10.14444/8770

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ISASS Recommendations and Coverage Criteria for Bone-Anchored Annular Defect Closure Following Lumbar Discectomy: Coverage Indications, Limitations, and/or Medical Necessity—An ISASS 2025 Policy Update on the Use of Bone-Anchored Annular Closure to Prevent Reherniation in High-Risk Lumbar Discectomy Patients
Morgan P. Lorio, Richard A. Kube, John Ratliff, Anthony DiGiorgio, David A. Essig, Kris Radcliff, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Jon E. Block
International Journal of Spine Surgery Jun 2025, 8770; DOI: 10.14444/8770
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Barricaid: Technical Description
    • Summary of Clinical Evidence
    • Isass Policy Statement and Coverage Rationale: Lumbar Discectomy with Bone-Anchored Annular Closure
    • Indications/Limitations of Coverage
    • CPT Coding
    • Diagnostic (ICD-10-CM) Coding
    • Health Care Common Procedure Coding
    • Conclusion
    • Footnotes
    • References
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Keywords

  • discectomy
  • recurrent disc herniation
  • annular defect
  • bone-anchored annular closure
  • lumbar

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